Dynamic response characteristic of 7N01/7A01/7050 aluminium multilayer plate at high strain rate

The correlations between the structures, fracture behavior and dynamic shear property were investigated for 7050 to 7N01 layer of 7N01/7A01/7050 multilayer plate with different thickness ratio fabricated by hot rolling bonding. is The results showed that when thickness ratio of 7050 to 7N01 layer was 1 and 7050 layer was backplane, the absorbed energy of the multilayer plate was 39% higher than that of 7050 alloy. The excellent energy absorbing ability of 7N01/7A01/7050 multilayer plate is attributed to the blunted cracks in 7A01 interlayer, the enhanced 7050 layer by decreasing of secondary cracks and the delaying dynamic failure of 7050 layer.     

摩擦焊接区出现断口的原因

本文通过力学性能检测、金相观察、断口观察,论述了摩擦焊接区组织与性的关系和断口出现的原因。     

骨折端应力与愈合关系的动物实验分析

本文引入愈合指数概念，根据动物实验数据，建立愈合函数，描述骨折端应力与愈合的关系。分析表明，在骨折愈合过程中，存在着一个有益于愈合应力范围和一个愈合最优应力。为控索骨折端应力与愈合的关系，我们多批次地进行了不同应力水平下的骨折愈合动物实验。     

钨钼室温脆性的研究

对不同实验条件下制备的钨和钼的试样作扫描电镜、透射电镜和俄歇电子能谱分析。断口形貌分析表明,在室温下烧结态和再结晶态的断口呈典型的晶间脆性断裂,低形变及再结晶试样为晶间脆断和穿晶解理的混合型断裂,高度形变的试样断口呈纤维状韧性断裂特征,是纤维束撕裂、分层,而后单个纤维出现缩颈、微孔合并所致。在10~(-9)Torr高真空度下对新鲜断口作俄歇电子能谱分析证实,间隙杂质磷、氧和碳是钨的主要晶界杂质,而钾、氧和碳则在掺杂钨的晶界明显富集,可以确认这些在晶界大量富集的杂质是削弱晶界强度,造成钨钼室温脆性的基本原因.文中还分析了晶粒结构和亚结构对室温脆性的影响。     

热处理工艺对40CrMnMo钢硬度及冲击韧性的影响

本文探讨了各种不同的热处理工艺所获得的各种组织状态对40CrMnMo钢的硬度和冲击韧性的影响,结果表明：该钢调质状态的冲击韧性较高，但硬度偏低；而等温下贝氏体组织状态，硬度较高，冲击韧性适中,对于承受较小冲击载荷而要求有较高硬度的零件，应以下贝氏体组织状态最佳．     

利用幂律液体压裂时水平裂缝几何尺寸的求解方法

本文提出了利用幂律液体压裂时求解水平裂缝几何尺寸的方法,分析了便于现场使用的图解法。应用实例说明,图版求解法使用简单、方便。     

裂隙岩体注浆结石体收缩变形与抗剪强度

为了提高裂隙岩体的力学性能,保证工程的质量和安全,采用水玻璃-水泥混合注浆液对裂隙岩体进行加固。通过直剪试验、显微镜实时观测试验,研究注浆结石体的强度与变形特性,以此评价水玻璃-水泥混合液作为注浆材料的可行性。试验结果表明,水玻璃-水泥混合注浆液有效的提高了裂隙岩体的力学性能。水玻璃-水泥注浆溶液不但改变了裂隙岩体的微结构、裂隙率和岩体的物质组成成分,使岩体的致密度和强度增加;而且注浆溶液在岩体结构面中凝固后对结构面进行填充加固,有效的提高了注浆结石体的黏聚力c,增强了注浆结石体抵抗外力破坏的能力。裂隙率对注浆结石体的强度影响显著,随裂隙岩体裂隙率的增加,注浆结石体(裂隙岩体与注浆材料经过物理化学变化后形成的结合体)的抗剪强度减小;在裂隙率相差不大时,裂隙岩体的裂隙条数对注浆结石体的抗剪强度有重大影响,随着裂隙条数的增加,注浆结石体的抗剪强度减小。在注浆结石体抗剪强度减少过程中,注浆结石体的黏聚力c不断减小,内摩擦角φ基本保持不变。注浆结石体在第12 d时达到最佳抗剪强度,而水玻璃-水泥质量比为1.3∶1注浆液工程性能最为理想,期最佳抗剪强度为6.243 MPa。     

带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折21例疗效观察

目的探讨带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折的可行性和优势.方法 21例股骨干骨折,均为新鲜骨折,16例小切口开放复位,5例C型臂X光机下闭合复位,应用带锁髓内钉固定.结果 21例术后均随访12～30个月,骨折愈合,远期疗效优良率达到96%.结论带锁髓内钉治疗股骨干骨折,可有效防止骨折断端旋转及移位,应力遮挡小,骨折弹性固定,骨折愈合快,可早期施行功能锻炼.     

Ti3SiC2/TiC复合材料的制备及力学性能研究

弓网系统中,各种类型的受电弓滑板承担着传输电能的重要功能,其严酷的工作条件对受电弓滑板材料的性能提出了非常苛刻的要求。目前最主要的受电弓滑板有：粉末冶金滑板,纯碳滑板和浸金属碳滑板。其中碳滑板材料性能较好但价格昂贵,粉末冶金滑板材料价格便宜,但性能明显逊于前者。Ti3SiC2/TiC是一种兼具陶瓷与金属性质的新型材料,与碳滑板材料相比,其电阻率低,且具有良好的抗氧化性和自润滑减摩性,因此Ti3SiC2/TiC将可能成为一种工艺简单、成本更低、而性能则更高的新型受电弓滑板材料。本研究以Si、Ti和C为原料,利用熔渗反应烧结技术制备出Ti3SiC2/TiC复合材料,研究结果表明,制备样品的弯曲强度与硬度分别达到 423MPa~564MPa 和169~249HB。同时,本文对Ti3SiC2/TiC复合材料的断裂机理进行了研究。     

Influence of γ' precipitate on deformation and fracture during creep in PM nickel-based superalloy

FGH96 is a powder metallurgy nickel based superally used for turbine disk of aero-engines. In the present study FGH96 alloy with four different γ' precipitate microstructures were produced via solution heat-treatment with different cooling rates, and the maximum cooling rate reached 400°C/min which was a super cooling rate for Nickel-based superalloy. The creep tests were conducted for PM FGH96 alloy under the testing condition of 704°C and 690 MPa. The relationship between the creep properties and the distribution of γ' precipitate was established. The creep mechanism was analyzed by using TEM and ACTEM, and the dislocation movement was studied at the atomic scale. The creep strain rate was calculated through a physically based crystal slip model established based on crystal plasticity. The calculated results were consistent with the test ones, illustrating the validity of the model. The fracture mechanism was also investigated, and the results showed that the creep cracks generated on the surface due to the oxidation. It was observed that the cracks propagated in different ways depending on the different average diameters of γ' precipitate. With the decrease of the average γ' precipitate size,the critical shearing stress increased and the resistance of the dislocation slipping increased. The fracture mechanism for the primary stage transformed from intragranular to intergranular due to the change of dislocation slipping.